The history of industrial machine tool development, the country is making progress, we also want to progress!

New China's machine tool industry from 49 years to the present, has made great achievements, which is not to be questioned. In 2009, with the introduction of the implementation rules of the national equipment manufacturing industry adjustment and revitalization plan, the total industrial output value and sales revenue of the machine tool industry still maintained a growth situation, and the total industrial output value reached 401.4 billion yuan, an increase of 16.1%, and for the first time jumped to the world's first machine tool manufacturing country.

Machine tool industry is an internationally recognized basic equipment manufacturing industry, but compared with many industries, machine tools is not a big industry, and even some "unpopular, but for 60 years, as the equipment manufacturing industry and even the entire industrial development of the" mother machine ", the new China's machine tool industry so "silently" support and witness the growth and growth of the Republic, No one can underestimate the important role of machine tools in the development of the country. Machine tool is an indispensable and important production tool in modern industrial production, and it is also a complex application technology. In the design and manufacture of machine tools, processing technology and actual use, including a variety of basic theories (stiffness, thermal deformation, vibration, accuracy, etc.), but also a large number of application technologies (layout, transmission, control, etc.), so the machine tool industry is both traditional and modern. When New China was founded, the government leaders were sober-minded, modest, prudent and far-sighted. Under the guidance and help of a large number of experts sent by the Soviet government, the use of Soviet design drawings has gradually produced some manual ordinary machine tools, which are urgently needed for production. At the same time, under the guiding ideology of establishing a strong and complete machine tool industry system, China has successively built a large number of key backbone enterprises of machine tools (known as the "eighteen arhat"), four tool production and manufacturing bases (known as the four King Kong) and gradually established 7 comprehensive machine tool research institutes and 37 various types of professional machine tool research institutes to carry out research and development of machine tool technology. Guide enterprises to produce advanced machine tool products.

In 1950, when Premier Zhou Enlai visited the Soviet Union, he instructed that 11,115 machines of all kinds imported by the state were first used in the construction of the machine tool industry. At that time, more than a dozen backbone machine tool factories were set up in Shenyang, Jinan, Qiqihar and Dalian. At the end of 1952, the state decided to set up the second machine industry Administration in the first Ministry of machinery industry to become the unified leadership and management of the national machine tool industry, in accordance with the principle of comprehensive planning and reasonable layout, adjust the direction of product development, and expand and transform a number of machine factories and repair machinery factories. At that time, with the assistance of the former Soviet Union, the transformation and construction of 18 machine tool factories and four tool factories, to determine the product division and development direction, commonly known as the "eighteen arhats, four King Kong", formed the backbone of the industry. In the period of national economic recovery, the machine tool industry has provided a total of 30 varieties and more than 24,500 machine tools to the country.

During the "One Five" period from 1953 to 1957, the machine tool itself was a stage of development and construction.

China has 34 manufacturing plants for machine tools, tools, machine tool accessories and grinding wheels, and has set up 8 research institutes in the machine tool industry. At the same time, we also set up research institutes for professional products such as lathes, milling machines, grinding machines, drilling and boring machines, gear processing machine tools, heavy-duty machine tools, shaper and sawing machines, automatic lathes and instrument machine tools in backbone enterprises. The establishment of scientific research base has played a powerful role in promoting the development of machine tool technology and products in our country. During the "First Five" period, machine tools mainly used the former Soviet Union drawings or imitation products reached 204 kinds, and a total of 104,000 machine tools were provided to the country, mainly serving the construction of the country's heavy industry and machinery industry.

1958~1962 "Two five" period, is China's machine tool industry to improve the stage.

Focus on the development of heavy machine tools, precision machine tools, forging machine tools and other categories, the machine tool industry to achieve basic complete; The number of professional research institutes has reached 37, with the ability to provide large, precise, efficient machine tools and special machine tools, for China's automobile, tractor, internal combustion engine, bearing, motor and other industries to provide a large number of equipment. The research institutes established in China played an important role, and by the end of 1962, the proportion of machine tool imitators in China dropped from 78.5% during the "First Five-Year Plan" period to 33.2%. National economic development and national defense construction on the growing demand for high-precision precision machine tools, when the domestic can not produce high-precision precision machine tools, foreign imports without foreign exchange support, Europe and the United States and technology blockade, the former Soviet Union also suspended supply, can only be self-reliant. The whole industry organization "battle", by the end of 1965, the accumulated master of high-precision precision machine tool varieties up to 26 kinds, China has a high-precision precision machine tool industry. Eighteen Arhats, is still the backbone of China's machine tool industry, but with some changes

"Eighteen Arhats" and professional division of labor

● Qiqihar First Machine Tool Factory: vertical lathe

● Qiqihar Second Machine tool Factory: milling machine

● Shenyang First Machine Tool Factory: horizontal lathe, special lathe

● Shenyang Second Machine Tool Factory: drilling machine, boring machine

● Shenyang No. 3 Machine Tool Factory: Turret lathe, automatic lathe

● Dalian Machine Tool Factory: horizontal lathe, combined machine tool

● Beijing First Machine Tool Factory: milling machine

● Beijing Second Machine Tool Factory: Shaper

● Tianjin First Machine Tool Factory: Gear shaper machine

● Jinan First Machine Tool Factory: horizontal lathe

● Jinan Second Machine Tool Factory: planer, mechanical press

● Chongqing Machine Tool Factory: Gear hobbing machine

● Nanjing Machine Tool Factory: hexagonal lathe, automatic lathe

● Wuxi Machine Tool Factory: internal grinder, centerless grinder

● Wuhan Heavy Machine Tool Factory: tool grinding machine

● Changsha Machine Tool Factory: Shaper, broaching machine

● Shanghai Machine Tool Factory: external grinding machine, surface grinding machine

● Kunming Machine Tool Factory: boring machine, milling machine

The period of "March 5" and "Fourth 5" from 1966 to 1975 was the period of the Cultural Revolution

1981~1985 "Six five" period, is the starting stage of China's CNC machine tool

During this period, the machine tool industry introduced a total of 113 foreign technologies, including 65 metal processing machine tools; Developed 1225 kinds of new products in the industry for five years to complete the total industrial output value of 19.7 billion yuan, the cumulative output of gold cutting machine tools 592,300 units, including 7133 CNC machine tools, forging equipment 256,600 units; Can provide a general variety of machine tools to reach 1960, of which 113 CNC varieties CNC machine tools output increased from 692 units in 1980 to 1959 units in 1985, an increase of 2.83 times China's machine tools began to batch export to 44 countries and regions, the current total export machine tools 32038 sets, In 1985, the number of machine tools in the country was 2,695,700.

1986-1990 "Seven five" period, is China's CNC machine tool and foreign cooperative production stage

From 1991 to 1993, the average annual growth rate was 20%, but in the 1990s, it was a sharp fluctuation stage. In 1994, a negative growth of 25%, in 1995 and negative growth of 14.2%, the industry for the first time a comprehensive loss, in 1996 the national census of machine tools 3.93 million units, including 72,300 CNC machine tools, large machine tools 184,400 domestic machine tool market share of 41.83%.

Entering the new century, the state implemented a major national policy to revitalize the equipment manufacturing industry, and clearly proposed that the development of large how to improve customer satisfaction, precision, high-speed CNC equipment and CNC systems and functional components as one of the 16 key revitalization areas, change the status quo that large, high-precision CNC machine tools are mostly dependent on the entrance, and satisfy the national economic development. In particular, to meet the needs of the development of key industrial areas in the national policy support, promotion and market demand, CNC machine tool industry to achieve leapfrog development CNC machine tool production increased by double digits year by year, from 14,000 units in 2000 to 122,000 units in 2008, ahead of the completion of the "eleventh Five-Year Plan" annual output of 100,000 units of the target; The domestic market share of CNC machine tools has also increased from 21% to more than 40%, and the five-axis linkage machine tools representing the first level of CNC technology have also broken the foreign blockade. By 2008, after nearly 60 years of development of China's machine tool industry, according to the National Machine tool Association, is the emergence of the new 18 arhat, the 18 enterprises both scale and technology, represent the highest level of China's machine tool industry. The following will spend some ink one by one introduction, in order to let everyone understand.

New "Eighteen Arhats" and main products

● Shenyang Machine Tool Group: all kinds of CNC machine tools, lathes, drilling machines

● Dalian Machine Tool Group: special machine and flexible manufacturing system, vertical and horizontal machining center, CNC lathe and turning and milling center, high-speed precision lathe and machine tool accessories

● Qizhong CNC Equipment Co., LTD. : Heavy CNC vertical and horizontal lathe, deep hole drilling and boring machine, railway lathe, roll lathe

● Qier Machine Tool Group Co., LTD. : all kinds of heavy machine tools, CNC milling machines and machining centers, heavy mechanical presses and automatic forging presses and other special equipment

● Beijing First Machine Tool Factory: all kinds of milling machines, machining centers, super heavy machine tools, gantry machine tools and geological engineering drilling RIGS

● Jinan One Machine Tool Group: all kinds of CNC machine tools

● Ji 'nan Second Machine Tool Group: forging equipment and large and heavy metal cutting machine tools, mechanical presses

● Hanchuan Machine Tool Group Co., LTD. : Machining center, CNC boring and milling machine, precision jig boring machine and precision CNC electric machining machine

● Qinchuan Machine Tool Group Co., LTD. : All kinds of precision CNC machine tools and castings, medium and high-grade special CNC machine tools, etc

● Tianshui Spark Machine Tool Co., LTD. : All kinds of lathes, grinding machines and special machine tools

● Qinghai Huading Heavy Machine Tool Co., LTD. : Railway special machine tool, roll machine tool, heavy horizontal lathe, centerless lathe, horizontal machining center, etc

● Jiangsu Xinrui Machinery Co., LTD. : vertical machining center, CNC lathe, SR series die casting machine, etc

● Chongqing Machine Tool (Group) Co., LTD. : All kinds of gear machine tools

● Sichuan Long March Machine Tool Group Co., LTD. : All kinds of milling machines, machining centers, CNC lathes and large special equipment

● Yunnan CY Group Co., LTD. : Export general lathes and CNC lathes, machining centers, special machine tools

● Guilin Machine Tool Co., LTD. : gantry milling machine, ram milling machine and machining center, etc

● Wuhan Heavy Machine Tool Group Co., LTD. : all kinds of heavy and super heavy machine tools

● Shanghai Electric Machine Tool Group: all kinds of grinding machines, machining centers, boring and milling machines, lathes and special precision, CNC machine tools